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A TO Z Literary Principles from History of English Literature: Note 40 (The Rise and Journey of Periodical Essay)

A Set of 26 Objective Questions & Answers:

The Rise and Journey of Periodical Essay

1. When did periodicals as we understand them today originate?

    The middle of the 17th century.

      2. What is a little magazine?

        A periodical devoted to publishing specialized, avant-garde writing and criticism.

          3. Why are little magazines generally short-lived?

            Due to limited circulation and marginal financial backing.

              4. How have most periodicals historically differed from newspapers?

                In format, publication schedule, and content.

                  5. How have online magazines impacted the readers' reading habits?

                  Online magazines have provided readers with convenient access to a wide range of content, allowing them to read and engage with publications anytime and anywhere, often on their mobile devices or computers.

                    6. Name some of the earliest periodicals in different countries.

                      Erbauliche Monaths-Unterredungen (1663-1668) in Germany, Journal des Sçavans (1665) in France, and Philosophical Transactions (1665) in England.

                        7. Which periodical was the first to use the word "magazine" to denote a forum for entertaining reading?

                          The Gentleman's Magazine (1731-1907).

                            8. Who were the founders of The Tatler and The Spectator?

                              Richard Steele and Joseph Addison.

                                9. What was the genre and influence of The Tatler and The Spectator?

                                  They were 18th-century periodicals mixing politics, serious essays, and satire, and they were enormously popular and influential.

                                    10. When was the Gentleman's Magazine first published?

                                      In 1731.

                                        11. What were some similar publications to the Gentleman's Magazine?

                                          The London Magazine (1732-1784), the Scots Magazine (1739-1817), the Oxford Magazine (1768-1782), and the European Magazine (1782-1826).

                                            12. Which publications were landmarks in the development of the literary periodical?

                                              The Museum (1746-1747) and the Monthly Review (1749-1845).


                                                13. Name three important Tory periodicals from the same period.

                                                  The Critical Review (1756-1817), the London Review (1775-1780), and the British Critic (1793-1843).

                                                    14. Which German periodical was devoted to commentary on new literary ideas?

                                                      Allgemeine Literatur-Zeitung (1785-1849).

                                                        15. What is the Edinburgh Review and when was it published?

                                                          It is one of the most famous and influential periodicals, published from 1802 to 1929.

                                                            16. Name two monthly and quarterly literary reviews connected to Edgar Allan Poe.

                                                              Graham's Magazine (1826-1858) and The Southern Literary Messenger (1834-1864).

                                                                17. Which magazine is still published today and began in 1809?

                                                                  The Quarterly Review.

                                                                    18. Which magazines in the early 20th century represented more sophisticated literary tastes?

                                                                      Smart Set (1900-1930), Vanity Fair (1913-1936; revived in 1983), and the American Mercury (1924-1951).

                                                                        19. What contributed to the increase in the number of periodicals from the beginning of the 19th century?

                                                                          The steadily increasing number of periodicals continued until the First World War.

                                                                            20. Name some important women's magazines from the late 1800s.

                                                                              Ladies' (later Woman's) Home Companion (1873-1957), McCall's Magazine (1876), Ladies' Home Journal (1883), Good Housekeeping (1885), and Vogue (1892).

                                                                                21. Why has the number of periodicals decreased since the Second World War?

                                                                                  Mainly due to the high production costs associated with printing and distribution.

                                                                                    22. How have online magazines impacted the publishing industry?

                                                                                      Online magazines have revolutionized the publishing industry by providing greater accessibility, reaching wider audiences, and reducing production costs.

                                                                                        23. What are some advantages of online magazines compared to traditional print magazines?

                                                                                          Advantages of online magazines include instant availability, interactive content, multimedia elements, global reach, and cost-effectiveness.

                                                                                            24. What are some challenges faced by online magazines?

                                                                                              Challenges for online magazines include competition for online visibility, monetization strategies, maintaining reader engagement, and addressing technological advancements and changes.

                                                                                                25. How has the digital age influenced the future of periodicals?

                                                                                                  The digital age has brought significant changes to the periodical industry, with online magazines becoming more prevalent. While traditional print periodicals still exist, the shift towards digital platforms and online publications has reshaped the landscape of periodical publishing.

                                                                                                  26. What are some examples of niche online magazines?

                                                                                                  There are various niche online magazines catering to specific interests or industries, such as Wired (technology), National Geographic (science and nature), Bon Appétit (food and cooking), and Entrepreneur (business and startups).

                                                                                                    Ardhendu De

                                                                                                  Ref: 
                                                                                                    1. ALBERT. (2000). History of English Literature (Fifth Edition) [English]. OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS.
                                                                                                    2. A history of English literature : Compton-Rickett, Arthur, 1869-1937 : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming : Internet Archive. (n.d.). Internet Archive. https://archive.org/details/historyofenglish00comprich

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                                                                                                  1. AlokNovember 30, 2012 at 10:49 PM

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