What is the Symbolism Found in William Blake's Work? Mention Some of the Recent Interpretations

I. Introduction

William Blake was a poet, painter, and printmaker who lived during the late 18th and early 19th centuries. He is known for his unique and complex symbolism, which has fascinated readers and scholars for centuries. In this article, we will examine the symbolism found in Blake's work and some of the recent interpretations that have been made of it.

II. Blake's Symbolism

A. Blake's Life and Influences

To understand Blake's symbolism, it is important to first consider his life and influences. Blake was born in London in 1757 and grew up in a working-class family. His mother taught him to read and write, and he was encouraged to pursue his interest in art. As a young man, he was apprenticed to an engraver and developed his skills as a printmaker.

B. Themes in Blake's Work

Blake's work is characterized by a number of recurring themes, including the struggle between innocence and experience, the relationship between the individual and society, and the role of imagination in human life. His work often features religious and mythological imagery, and he was particularly interested in the Bible and the works of Milton.

C. Examples of Blake's Symbolism

One of the most well-known examples of Blake's symbolism is found in his poem "The Tyger." In this poem, the tiger represents the darker, more violent aspects of human nature, while the lamb represents innocence and purity. Another example is found in his painting "The Ancient of Days," in which a figure representing God measures out the universe with a compass.

III. Recent Interpretations of Blake's Work

A. The Influence of Marxism

In recent years, Marxist interpretations of Blake's work have become increasingly popular. Marxist scholars argue that Blake's work is a critique of the capitalist system and its exploitation of the working class. They point to the recurring themes of poverty and inequality in his work as evidence of this. Critics like E.P. Thompson (Witness Against The Beast: William Blake and the Moral Law)and Christopher Hill have explored how Blake's works can be seen through a Marxist lens. They examine how Blake critiques the societal structures of his time, and how his works call for revolutionary change. Thompson, for example, highlights how Blake's "The Marriage of Heaven and Hell" challenges the traditional Christian morality that upholds class hierarchy. On the other side, Harold Bloom (William Blake: Bloom's Classic Critical Views Series) has criticized Marxist interpretations for reducing Blake's works to mere political manifestos.

B. The Influence of Postmodernism

Postmodernist scholars have also made significant contributions to the interpretation of Blake's work. They argue that his work is characterized by a rejection of traditional, Enlightenment-era ideas about reason and progress. Instead, they suggest that Blake's work embraces chaos, ambiguity, and contradiction as essential aspects of human experience. Postmodernism, with its emphasis on fragmentation, deconstruction, and skepticism, has led to a new understanding of Blake's works. Critics such as E.P. Thompson, Northrop Frye, and Harold Bloom have provided groundbreaking interpretations that challenge traditional readings of Blake's poetry and art.

However, while some see postmodernism as a liberating force in the interpretation of Blake's work, others criticize it for reducing his complex and multi-layered works to mere fragments. Nonetheless, these recent interpretations serve as a moral boost to students to approach Blake's work with a fresh and critical eye.

C. The Influence of Feminism

Feminist interpretations of Blake's work have focused on the representation of women in his art and poetry. They argue that Blake's work can be read as a critique of the patriarchal society in which he lived, and that his depictions of powerful, assertive women were groundbreaking for their time. Feminist critics such as Judith Butler and Laura Mulvey have explored the representation of women in Blake's work and argued that his vision of gender roles was more progressive than his contemporaries. They point out that Blake's portrayal of women as powerful and active agents challenged the traditional patriarchal norms of his time. Few critics argue that the influence of feminism on Blake's work is overstated and that his art should be appreciated on its own terms. Despite these differing opinions, the influence of feminism on Blake's work is undeniable.

IV. Conclusion

William Blake's symbolism is a complex and multifaceted aspect of his work that has fascinated scholars and readers for centuries. Recent interpretations of his work have focused on a variety of themes, including Marxism, postmodernism, and feminism. While these interpretations offer valuable insights into the meaning of Blake's work, they also demonstrate the enduring relevance and richness of his symbolic language.

ARDHENDU DE

References 

1. STEVENSON, W. H. (1973). On the Nature of Blake’s Symbolism. Texas Studies in Literature and Language, 15(3), 445–460. http://www.jstor.org/stable/40755229

2. Makdisi, S. (2006). Immortal Joy: William Blake and the Cultural Politics of Empire. In: Clark, S., Worrall, D. (eds) Blake, Nation and Empire. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230597068_2

3. Thorpe, D. (1996). [Review of Witness against the Beast: William Blake and the Moral Law; Blake, Ethics, and Forgiveness, by E. P. Thompson & J. Moskal]. Religion & Literature, 28(1), 129–134. http://www.jstor.org/stable/40059650